Event Details

Laser-induced filamentation is a thrilling phenomenon of ultrafast optical physics, in which diffraction of a laser beam is suppressed by a combined effect of self-focusing and transverse electron density profile induced by ultrafast photoionization. While filamentation of ultrashort light pulses with peak powers above the self-focusing threshold is a universal phenomenon, observed in gases, liquids, and solids, laser filaments in the atmosphere are of special significance as they offer unique opportunities for longrange signal transmission, delivery of high-power laser beams, and remote sensing of the atmosphere. With the critical power of self-focusing scaling as the laser wavelength squared, the quest for longer-wavelength drivers, which would radically increase the peak power and, hence, the laser energy in a single filament, has been ongoing over two decades, during which time the available laser sources limited filamentation experiments in the atmosphere to the nearinfrared and visible ranges. Here, we demonstrate filamentation of ultrashort mid-infrared pulses in the atmosphere for the first time. We show that, with the spectrum of a femtosecond laser driver centered at 3.9 micrometers, right at the edge of the atmospheric transmission window, radiation energies above 20 mJ and peak powers in excess of 200 GW can be transmitted through the atmosphere in a single filament. Our studies reveal unique properties of mid-infrared filaments, where the generation of powerful mid-infrared supercontinuum is accompanied by unusual scenarios of optical harmonic generation, giving rise to remarkably broad radiation spectra, stretching from the visible to the midinfrared.